{"id":119,"date":"2010-10-22T00:00:35","date_gmt":"2010-10-22T00:00:35","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.pauljjhansen.com\/?p=119"},"modified":"2025-04-10T20:49:43","modified_gmt":"2025-04-10T20:49:43","slug":"history-time-line","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.pauljjhansen.com\/?p=119","title":{"rendered":"History Time-Line"},"content":{"rendered":"

Fourteen (14) Presidents before George Washington<\/span><\/span>,<\/span> 3 served as English Colonies Continental Congress, the 11 states united<\/span>, the Confederacy.<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Peyton Randolph of Virginia, Served <\/em>Continental Congress<\/span> as president twice, from September 5, 1774 to October 21, and then again for a few days in 1775 from May 10 to May 23.<\/li>\n
  2. Henry Middleton, <\/em>Continental Congress<\/span> as President from October 22, 1774 until Randolph was able to resume his duties briefly beginning on May 10, 1775.<\/li>\n
  3. John Hancock,<\/em> Continental Congress<\/span> the first from May 24 1775 to October 30 1777 and the second from November 23 1885 to June 5, 1786.<\/li>\n
  4. Henry Laurens, <\/em>as President of the newly independent but war beleaguered United States on November 1, 1777.<\/li>\n
  5. John Jay, <\/em>as President of the United States serving a term from December 10, 1778 to September 27, 1779. (skips were due to Continental Presidents, and Confederation Presents offices running at the same time.)<\/li>\n
  6. Samuel Huntington, <\/em>President from September 28, 1779 until ill health forced him to resign on July 9, 1781.  Continental Congress dissolved, the first President under the Articles of Confederation.<\/li>\n
  7. Thomas McKean, <\/em>President from July 10, 1781 to November 4, 1782.<\/li>\n
  8. John Hanson, <\/em>President from November 5, 1781 until November 3, 1782.<\/li>\n
  9. Elias Boudinot, <\/em>President from November 4, 1782 until November 2, 1783.<\/li>\n
  10. Thomas Mifflin, President from <\/em>November 3, 1783 to November 29, 1784.<\/li>\n
  11. Richard Henry Lee<\/em> President from November 30, 1784 to November 22, 1785.<\/li>\n
  12. Nathaniel Gorham, <\/em>President from June 6, 1786 to February 1, 1787.<\/li>\n
  13. Arthur St. Clair, <\/em>President from February 2, 1787 to January 21, 1788.<\/li>\n
  14. Cyrus Griffin, <\/em>President from January 22, 1788 until George Washington’s inauguration on April 30, 1789.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    1215 Common Law Jury<\/span> or Trial by the Country man was first established at Runnymede, England when King John signed the Magna Carta.<\/span><\/p>\n

    1231 > 1826 Inquisition<\/span>, Catholic. (Lasting 595 years.)<\/p>\n

    1492 Columbus sets out to sail to the indies by going the opposite direction. ‘Columbus<\/span>‘ ships land in what is now known as the Bahamas.<\/p>\n

    1517 Luther nailed a copy of his 95 Theses to the door of the Wittenberg Castle church. The start of the reformation movement<\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n

    1606 First Charter of Virginia<\/a>,  Jamestown as the first permanent English settlement.<\/p>\n

    1620 May Flower<\/span> landed on the Land of Americas, established Plymouth in New England area.<\/p>\n

    1620 May Flower Compact<\/a>.<\/p>\n

    1632 Charters from the State of Great Britain to colonize Americas. Charter<\/a> of Maryland, (In the eighth year of our reign.)First<\/p>\n

    1632 “County” established in the new America–<\/span>Eastville, Virginia<\/a>, in <\/span>Northampton (originally Accomac) County<\/a>, dating to 1632.<\/span><\/p>\n

    1638 Fundamental order of Connecticut.  First Constitution<\/a>.<\/p>\n

    1643 The New England Confederation<\/a>.<\/p>\n

    1679 The Great Awakening<\/a> Revival.<\/p>\n

    1732<\/strong> America now has 13 Colonies.<\/p>\n

    1763 First defined territory of the USA, See 1763 to 1959\u00c2  >  http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=rwGRheUQMY8&feature=related<\/p>\n

    1764 Sugar Act \/Tax<\/p>\n

    1765 Stamp Act, first true attempt to levy a direct tax on the American colonies.<\/p>\n

    1774 Continental Association of 1774<\/p>\n

    1775 Patrick Henry, 1st revolution, King Georges Time, pastors required to get a license from the King.
    \nRevolutionary war started in churches.  3 pastors killed for refusing to get the license.  “Give me Liberty, or give me Death!”.<\/p>\n

    1775  The first \u00e2\u20ac\u0153Continental\u00e2\u20ac\u009d army was born on 15 June 1775, when Congress adopted the thirty-six regiments.  Read more: http:\/\/www.answers.com\/topic\/continental-army-2#ixzz1BoQxsuqY<\/a><\/p>\n

    1776 Common Sense Pamphlet, Thomas Pain,  Call for a home where freedom can land.<\/p>\n

    1776 Foundation for the “new order” (New World Order) of the ages had been laid May 1st, 1776, thus founding of the Illuminati (eye of the Great Architect).<\/p>\n

    1776 Declaration of Independence from Britain. New government\/people group is called the united States of America . It was formed through the Declaration of Independence July 4th.<\/p>\n

    1777  Articles of Confederation of November 15, 1777.  (Referred to as the “Perpetual Union”.) (Ratified in 1781)<\/p>\n

    1781  The Continental congress dissolved, Confederacy known as the United States of America was established on March 1, 1781, when Maryland became the thirteenth and last State of the original thirteen ……….to ratify and adoption<\/strong> <\/span> the Articles of Confederation.<\/p>\n

    1781  Once the signing of the above took place in 1781, a President was needed to run the country. (first written oath to the People to “Office of President” of the United States of America<\/strong>) John Hanson was chosen unanimously by Congress.  Articles of Confederation only allowed a President to serve a one-year term during any three-year period.  Six other presidents were elected after him – Elias Boudinot (1783), Thomas Mifflin (1784), Richard Henry Lee (1785), Nathan Gorman (1786), Arthur St. Clair (1787), and Cyrus Griffin (1788) – all prior to Washington taking office.  Washington took\u00c2  no written oath but inserted the first oral oath, not to the People, but to the Land, and property, owned by the USA as an employment office called  “President of the United States” and another employment essentially at the same  time of “President of the United States of America”, and refused the “Office of President” associated with the People of the Confederation.  (See – <\/span> http:\/\/www.edrivera.com<\/strong>\/?paged=42)  Jan 9th page<\/strong> and many more.<\/p>\n

    1783 The Treaty of Paris, signed to end war between Great Britain and the 13 colonies on the soil of north American. Also parting with what was then called the Northwest Territory.<\/p>\n

    1783 –?? <\/strong> Shays’ Rebellion, Massachusetts, war investors (among others) demanded payment in gold and silver<\/a>; confiscation for tax, commoners losing homes fought back, newly organized farmers and veterans faced militia, Samuel Adams<\/a> claimed it treason<\/a> among the commoners, and he helped draw up a Riot Act<\/a>, and a resolution suspending habeas corpus<\/a><\/em>. Debtors in the amount of $5 could be ordered to jail.  Google for more.<\/p>\n

    1785 Land Ordinance of 1785  The immediate goal of the ordinance was to raise money through the sale of land in the largely unmapped territory west of the
    \noriginal colonies acquired from Britain at the end of the Revolutionary War.<\/p>\n

    1787  Northwest Ordinance of July 13, 1787
    \n<\/strong><\/p>\n

    1787  Closing of the Constitutional Convention in September.  (Was this the walk out?)<\/p>\n

    1787  Constitution of the corporate UNITED STATES  (Beginning of an attempt of a Central Government.)<\/p>\n

    1788 January 22, Last Congress Convened under the Articles of Confederation.  (No evidence exist that the AOC have been repealed, or replaced.)<\/p>\n

    1789  Opening of the First Federal Congress in March<\/span>.<\/p>\n

    1789  All present federal courts<\/strong> were first created by the Judiciary Act of 1789 which was enacted when the second Union (refereed to as “The More Perfect Union”.), the United States, consisted of 11 States.<\/p>\n

    1789  Martial law<\/span> was declared on April<\/span> 30, 1789, when George Washington<\/strong> took a oral  oath of Office of President of the United States, which was to be a military and
    \ncivilian dictator subject only to the impeachment and conviction of the United States Congress pursuant to Article I of “this Constitution”.  Washington simultaneously took the office of President of the United States of America, but not taking the Office of President. (SEE edrivera.com)<\/p>\n

    1790  The Whiskey Rebellion, less commonly known as the Whiskey Insurrection.  President Washington, new federal government, called in military to collect the
    \ntax with force.<\/p>\n

    1791 The first state to join the “perpetual union” making 14 states.  See for all other states added>   http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=aLdQ4DUnnw4&feature=related<\/p>\n

    1791  The first internal excise tax<\/strong> was a tax on the distillation of alcohol on March 3.<\/p>\n

    1791 First bankruptcy<\/span> of the United States (Military).<\/p>\n

    1792  Coinage Act of 1792, Money of account of the United States, shall be the dollar<\/span>.   SEE #1 GREEN BACK<\/span> Lincoln.<\/p>\n

    1800 Maryland and Virginia ceded (gave) “ten miles square” for the Federal Government, now known as the District of Columbia, (Washington D.C.)<\/p>\n

    1801 Organic Act of 1801 placed Washington, DC, under the exclusive jurisdiction of the United States Congress and people in the District were no longer considered residents of Virginia or Maryland.<\/p>\n

    1802 The Enabling Act of 1802 was passed on April 30, 1802 by the Seventh Congress of the United States. This act authorized the residents of the eastern portion of the Northwest Territory to form the state of Ohio and join the U.S. on an equal footing with the other states.<\/p>\n

    1803  April 30, the Louisiana Purchase Treaty, 5,304,320,000 acres of land at the cost of 4.13 cents based on the year of 2010 US Dollar.  Purchased from France<\/a>.<\/p>\n

    1812 Congress refused to give the “First National Bank” A British “Power” owned central bank, a renewal of a charter to operate in the U.S. colonies.  ((Many believe this is the true reason for the punitive acts of 1812 by the British.))<\/p>\n

    1812-1815  The War of 1812 was fought between the United States of America and the British Empire, particularly Great Britain and her North American colonies.  (1812 – 1776 =  36  British took 36 years before attacking.)<\/p>\n

    1814  British troops burned the White House.  Mostly to destroy the 13 amendment<\/a>.  BAR band.<\/p>\n

    1835 United states of America has no national debt.  President Andrew Jackson shut down the Central Bank System.<\/p>\n

    1844 Bar Association stated forming, using business, not law, to infiltrate America. Sir. Mr.<\/strong> terms to establish (forbidden) nobility.<\/p>\n

    1854 Missouri Compromise, Nebraska and Kansas to decide to be free or slave states. Louisiana Purchase, this treaty between the United States and the French Republic ceded “the colony or province of Louisiana” to the United States of America.<\/p>\n

    1854 Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854) enabling act<\/strong> to establish government for the territory. (I believe that such act (law) only currently applies upon land that the US retains as owner, so when land is patented out by the US it loses taxing authority.<\/p>\n

    1860 Great Walkout<\/a>: An Examination of the 1860 Democratic Conventions, slavery split, less than one year before civil war.<\/p>\n

    1860 Lincoln becomes President of US.<\/p>\n

    1860 to 1865  Civil War in American, war between the northern and southern states.<\/p>\n

    1861 Seven southern nation States of America walked out<\/span> of the Second Session of the thirty-sixth Congress on March 27, 1861.  (See Index #1 at base of page.)<\/p>\n

    1861  April 15  President Lincoln reconvened Congress under the Executive branch by proclamation (number 1): “I do hereby, in virtue of the power in me vested by the Constitution, convene, both<\/strong> Houses of Congress.”  (Was this then the Congress of the “<\/strong>US<\/strong>“, and the Congress of the “<\/strong>USA<\/strong>“?  For he was the President of both.  Elected into President of the <\/strong>USA<\/strong> and receiving President of the <\/strong>US<\/strong> by taking the oral oath.)<\/strong><\/p>\n

    1861  Constitutional failure, Reconstruction Act.  (Not confirmed yet.<\/span>)<\/p>\n

    1862 – The first act, passed on the 5th of August, 1861, declared that from and after the first of January, 1862, there should be levied an income tax<\/span>, …but failed to notify the public that the tax was only enforceable on Land owned by the USA.<\/p>\n

    1862? Lincoln signed “Homestead Act”, providing 160 acres to anyone willing to settle in the West.<\/p>\n

    1862? Lincoln signed “Conscription Act”, the first draft in the US.  (? US of America.)<\/p>\n

    1862 Lincoln signed “The Legal Tender Act”,  paper money, GREEN BACKS, to fund the war.<\/p>\n

    1861  First US income tax applied<\/span> upon US Military in 1862, then repealed in 1862, and the 1861 law was replaced with Sec. 89<\/span> “INCOME DUTY” in 1862 and now held as the present law.<\/p>\n

    1863  April 24, Lincoln declared martial law by General Order No. 100.  (This order has force for a limited term of ___ months?)  (I think 24.)<\/p>\n

    1863 Lincoln signed “Emancipation Proclamation”, granting freedom to all slaves behind the Confederate lines.<\/p>\n

    1864 Enabling Act of April 19, 1864 (to enable the People of Nebraska to
    \nform a Constitution and State Government, and for the Admission of
    \nsuch State into the Union on an equal Footing with the original States),
    \nch. 59, 13 Stat. 47 (1864).<\/p>\n

    1867  Original Constitution of the .<\/p>\n

    1868  –14th Amendment<\/span> to the Constitution of the UNITED STATES.  Negro converted to statutory “PERSON” \/ state c<\/span>itizenship.<\/p>\n

    1871  Creation of the corporate<\/span><\/strong> UNITED STATES entity.  Congress passed “An Act o Provide a Government for the District of Columbia.” (A seat for the government of the US.)  Known as ‘The Act of 1871<\/strong>‘.  The District of Columbia was incorporated by 16 Statutes at Large, 419.  ((Claim of new constitution – Const. for<\/strong> the USA v. Const. of<\/strong> the USA.)  (Article 13 removed, ‘Title of Nobility’.)<\/p>\n

    1871  KKK (Ku Klux Klan<\/em>) established, NRA (National Rifle Association) established.  The first rapid fire Colt (6 shot revolver and lever action rifle) went into production.<\/p>\n

    1875  Substitute corporate Constitution of the STATE OF NEBRASKA<\/a>.  (Most every state made new constitutions, some say to accommodate the railroad.)<\/p>\n

    1894 Congress enacted a flat rate Federal income tax, which was ruled unconstitutional the following year …  (First Federal Tax)<\/p>\n

    1898  The signing of the Treaty of Paris gave the United States control of Cuba, the Philippines, Puerto Rico, and Guam<\/span>.<\/p>\n

    1898  Puerto Rico was acquired by the United States<\/p>\n

    1901 Theodore Roosevelt became president. (Fifth cousin to FDR.)<\/p>\n

    1909 Corporation Tax Act of 1909, the scheme to tax people who convert to legal ‘persons’. The primer for the 1935 Social Security Act.<\/p>\n

    1912 Titanic Ship sinks on it’s first crossing.<\/p>\n

    1913 [Twas not a very good year.] Seventeenth Amendment (US Constitution) was ratified taking the power out of the ‘State’ and rendard the States defenseless against federal government abuses. (Essentially disenfranchising the States (People)=big gov.<\/p>\n

    1913 Congress gave exclusive franchise to the Federal Reserve System (Bank) to issue U.S. currency.  Commercial Banks were limited in creating money only by monetizing notes.<\/p>\n

    1913  Nebraska statutes started making law under only “People” and dropped “Legislature”.
    \nConstitution changed from:  “Be it enacted by the Legislature of the     State of Nebraska<\/a><\/strong>” (March 1867).
    \nTo> “Be it enacted by the people of the State of Nebraska<\/strong>” (1875).  Nebraska Revised Statutes read that prosecution shall proceed as “The People of the State of Nebraska<\/strong>” and changed in 1913 to shall proceed as “The Sate of Nebraska<\/strong>“.
    \nFROM 1789 to 1913 (124 years) The American People’s “limited constituted government” relied almost entirely on import tariffs to fund the government.<\/p>\n

    1917 Lenin, Bolsheviks seized power in Russia government.<\/p>\n

    1917  The United States took possession of the Virgin Islands<\/p>\n

    1920  League of Nations, Royal Institute of International Affairs, and Council on Foreign Relations, all introduced.<\/p>\n

    1923 Exchange rate between the US Dollar and the inflated German Mark is $1.00 : 4.2 trillion Marks. \u00c2 \u00c2 (In 1918 it was 1:4)<\/p>\n

    1925 Most of the industrial world now on gold standard.<\/p>\n

    1929 September, Federal Reserve raised interest rate to 6.5%, the world elites flood Wall Street with sell orders, grabbing the bulk of the first fruits of the phenomenal prior boom market, banks stooped lending money, gold horded, activating the “Great American 10 year Depression<\/a>“.<\/p>\n

    1929 Standard oil gives Bosh\/Farben (Germany) $35 billion in Standard Oil Stock, for rights to the patent to creating gas\/fuel from coal (hydrogenation process).  To this day no one is allowed to make the cheep fuel.  (XXXXX<\/span>)<\/p>\n

    1929 Gold reserves hit all time low of 7% as to credits (money) in circulation.<\/p>\n

    1929 America’s Wall Street Stock Market Crash.<\/p>\n

    1930 edition of the D.C. Code No new law created, non repealed.  There is no US Constitution, subsidiary constitutions.<\/p>\n

    1930 Bank for Internatioal Settlements established in Switzerland at Basle.<\/p>\n

    1930 Hitler \/ Nazi regiem begins taking control.<\/p>\n

    1931 September, British empire goes off gold standard.<\/p>\n

    1932 Franklin Delano Roosevelt (FDR) becomes president of US, Peak of Great Depression.<\/p>\n

    1933 Gold Recalled, made illegal to own gold. (Prison $10,000.00 fine and\/or for possessing gold.) (See Index #2 below.)<\/p>\n

    1933 First Bankruptcy of corporate UNITED STATES.  (See Index #3 below.)<\/p>\n

    1933 First and only closing of Americas nation’s banks. March 6 to March 13. \u00c2 Banks reopened with non-gold backed Federal Reserve Notes. (See index 213<\/a>)<\/p>\n

    1933 May 1, “All persons are hereby required to part with their gold coin, bullion, and gold certificates.” (E.O. 6102<\/a>)  (See NOTICE #11<\/a>)  [They failed to mention that that law was only inforcable on Land that was owned by the USA.]<\/p>\n

    1933 to 1935  New Deal Legislation, Roosevelt.<\/p>\n

    1933, April 21, The (drivers) license law was passed,<\/p>\n

    1933 United State Courts stops allowing common law<\/span> proceedings for the people.<\/p>\n

    1935  Great Seal first appears on the DOLLAR, President FDR.  (The 32<\/strong> president of the US, Roosevelt a well known 32<\/strong> degree mason.)<\/p>\n

    1868 and 1933 – the de jure <\/em>constitutionally created and bound government was still in place and operating effectively for the American.<\/p>\n

    1935 Social Security Act<\/strong><\/em> first established, FDR.<\/p>\n

    1938, Roosevelt released a document entitled Restatement of the Law<\/em>, which outlines the different usages and effects of law after the bankruptcy of 1933.<\/p>\n

    1939, in the landmark decision of Erie Railroad v. Thompkins<\/span><\/strong>, the Supreme Court officially made commercial law the rule in all federal matters stating that except in cases governed by the Constitution or treaties, state law (commercial law or CODE) would apply.   Here, the Supreme Court acknowledged that there were still those who could demand common law and an Article III Court, but the great majority of the cases had already switched to commercial law.<\/p>\n

    1939, Buck Act. Congress passed the “Public Salary Tax Act of 1939” (4 USC 111) with the purpose of taxing all federal and State employees, as well as those living and working in the federal zone. It became, thereby, municipal law for D.C. and the territories, etc. The next year the government pulled what many believe to be one of its most devious ploys: 1940<\/strong>, It passed the Buck Act (4 USC 104-110), Section 110(e) –  “The term Federal area means any LANDS OR PREMISES held or acquired by or for the use of the United States or any department, establishment, or agency of the United States; and any Federal area, or any part thereof, which is located within the exterior boundaries of any State, shall be deemed to be a Federal area located within such State.”<\/p>\n

    1944 Seat of Government (Washington D.C.) was quite claim deeded over to the IMF, Britton Woods Agreement, original seats vacated in 1944.  (Yet under investigation.)<\/span><\/p>\n

    1947 National Security Act \u2013 National Security Counsel. Central Intelligent Agency (CIA) Now a “secrete” government.<\/p>\n

    1950 Guam was established as a territory of the United States after the passage of the Guam Organic Act of 1950.<\/p>\n

    1950 The corporate U.S. declared bankruptcy a second time, whereby the Secretary of Treasury was appointed as Receiver\u009d of the bankruptcy in Reorganization
    \nPlan No. 26, Title 5 USC 903, Public Law 94-564, Legislative History, page 5967.<\/p>\n

    1962 STATE sponsored prayer removed from US (corporate) State\/Public Schools.<\/p>\n

    1963 US Court rules, Bible can no longer be taught as the Word of God but only as any another literature.<\/p>\n

    1963  JUNE 14th EXECUTIVE ORDER 11.110, President Kennedy reintroduce the first gold backed currency into the Peoples hands. (but not necessarily into circulation)
    \n-6 months later-
    \n1963  The assassination of John F. Kennedy, the thirty-fifth President of the United States, took place on Friday, November 22.   $2.00 United States Note printed in 1963, President Johnson called them all back the day of Kennedy’s funeral.<\/p>\n

    1964  Civil Rights Act.<\/p>\n

    1965  Voting Rights Act
    \n(look for of silver standard, Nixon)
    \n1968 Fair Housing Act<\/p>\n

    1968  Martin Luther King shot dead.<\/p>\n

    1969 the GPO (General Post Office of Great Britian, UK) was abolished and the assets transferred to The Post Office, changing it from a Department of State to a statutory corporation<\/a>. In 1981 the organization was split into separate Post Office and British Telecommunications corporations. ((It is unknown to me if this is the same corporate postal service now in the US.))<\/p>\n

    1975  The Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands was established.<\/p>\n

    1976  Foreign Sovereign immunities Act, 28 USC 1502-1611, passed in 1976, this is the form by which one ‘must’ claims independence from the US trust system as an Sovereign American when summoned into a US legislative court. They then can only use a common law process against you.<\/p>\n

    1986  American Samoa, which is technically considered unorganized because no Organic Acts have been passed by Congress, is governed by section 931 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986.<\/p>\n

    1990 Internal Revenue Code (hereinafter \u2018IRC\u2019) as of May 15, 1990, at section 3121(e), certain definitions are given.  The term \u2018State\u2019 is defined as– \u201cThe term \u2018State\u2019 includes the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, Guam, and American Samoa.\u201d<\/p>\n

    2001 Home Land Security. 911,  800 Fema Prison Camps Established.  One in Alaska for 2 million prisoners.<\/p>\n

    Hamilton, central government, federalist papers, propaganda?<\/p>\n

    Story book on commentaries of the US constitution?<\/p>\n

    Birth Certificate first activated?<\/p>\n

    >>
    \n1791
    \n70 (Every 70 years US bankruptcy must be reestablished.)
    \n1861 uncivil war five years, reconstruction, 50% tax on farm equipment,
    \n70
    \n1931 great depression, (1929)
    \n70 (1933 new deal)
    \n2001 home land security.
    \n>><\/span>INDEX REFERNCE:
    \n#1. – Lincoln’s second executive order of April, 1861, called Congress back into session days later, but not under the lawful authority of the Constitution. In his
    \ncapacity as Commander-in-Chief of the U.S. Military, Lincoln called Congress into session under authority of Martial Law to protect Land owned by the USA the Confederacy, in each of the state.
    \n<\/span><\/p>\n

    #2. – Privately held and federally held gold coins and bullion in America were seized by Executive Order of April 5, 1933 and paid to the creditor, the private
    \nFederal Reserve Bank Corporation (FRB) under the terms of bankruptcy.<\/p>\n

    #3 – The legally created fiction called the UNITED STATES is bankrupt (first time) and holds no lawful Constitutionally mandated silver or gold coin to back up or
    \npay their debts. Privately held and federally held gold coins and bullion in America were seized by Executive Order of April 5, 1933 and paid to the creditor, the
    \nprivate Federal Reserve Bank Corporation (FRB) under the terms of bankruptcy.<\/p>\n

    >>><\/p><\/blockquote>\n